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中华腔镜外科杂志(电子版) ›› 2024, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (05) : 271 -276. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-6899.2024.05.004

论著

改良经辅助切口回肠造口在腹腔镜直肠癌根治术的应用
李干斌1, 侯睿1, 郭雅萍1, 张潇1, 邱小原1, 牛备战1, 林国乐1,()   
  1. 1.100730 北京,中国医学科学院北京协和医院基本外科
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-01 出版日期:2024-10-30
  • 通信作者: 林国乐
  • 基金资助:
    中央高水平医院临床科研专项(2022-PUMCH-C-005)

Application of modified ileostomy through auxiliary incision in laparoscopic radical resection of rectalcancer

Ganbin Li1, Rui Hou1, Yaping Guo1, Xiao Zhang1, Xiaoyuan Qiu1, Beizhan Niu1, Guole Lin1,()   

  1. 1.Department of General Surgery,Peking Union Medical College Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences& Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100730,China
  • Received:2024-06-01 Published:2024-10-30
  • Corresponding author: Guole Lin
引用本文:

李干斌, 侯睿, 郭雅萍, 张潇, 邱小原, 牛备战, 林国乐. 改良经辅助切口回肠造口在腹腔镜直肠癌根治术的应用[J]. 中华腔镜外科杂志(电子版), 2024, 17(05): 271-276.

Ganbin Li, Rui Hou, Yaping Guo, Xiao Zhang, Xiaoyuan Qiu, Beizhan Niu, Guole Lin. Application of modified ileostomy through auxiliary incision in laparoscopic radical resection of rectalcancer[J]. Chinese Journal of Laparoscopic Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2024, 17(05): 271-276.

目的

报告改良的经辅助切口预防性回肠造口在腹腔镜中低位直肠癌根治术中的临床应用。

方法

采用描述性研究方法,回顾性分析2023 年11 月至2024 年5 月间中国医学科学院北京协和医院行改良的经辅助切口预防性回肠造口的中低位直肠癌的临床资料。 纳入标准:直肠腺癌;cTxN+M0/cT3~4N0M0;肿瘤下缘距肛缘≤10 cm;新辅助放化疗后行根治性保肛手术。 术前造口定位,并将其与术者辅助操作孔和取标本切口“三合为一”。 主要结局指标为造口相关并发症,次要指标为手术疗效和安全性。

结果

共纳入107 例患者,平均年龄58.1±9.5 岁,男性69 例(64.4%)。 吻合口距肛缘3.8±1.5 cm,切口长度4.7±0.7 cm。 手术中位时间120(94.0~150.0)min,术中出血量43(30~50)ml。 98 例(91.6%)患者切除标本的系膜完整。 2 例(1.9%)术中发生肠管破裂。 31 例(28.9%)发生术后并发症,C-D 1~2 级29 例(27.1%)。 16 例(15.0%)发生早期造口并发症,造口周围炎8 例(7.5%),切口感染4 例(3.7%),出血3 例(2.8%),缺血坏死1 例(0.9%)。 4 例(3.7%)发生晚期造口并发症,造口脱垂2 例(1.9%),造口回缩和造口旁疝各1 例(0.9%)。

结论

改良的经辅助切口预防性回肠造口在腹腔镜中低位直肠癌根治术中的疗效安全,操作简单,造口相关并发症率较低,值得临床推广。

Objective

To report the clinical application of modified prophylactic ileostomy through auxiliary incision in laparoscopic radical resection of middle-to- low rectal cancer.

Methods

A descriptive method was used to analyze the clinical characteristics of middle-to-low rectal cancer patients in our hospital from Nov. 2023 to May 2024. Patietns were arranged to follow laparoscopic rectcal radical surgery plus modified trans-auxiliary prophylactic ileostomy. Inclusion criteria: rectal adenocarcinoma; cTxN+M0/cT3-4N0M0; the lower margin of the tumor is less than 10cm from anal margin. Preoperative localization of the stoma was performed. The localized position of stoma, the surgeon's auxiliary operation hole and the specimen-extraction incision were integrated into one incision. The main outcome measures were stomarelated complications, and the secondary outcome measures were surgical efficacy and safety.

Results

A total of 107 patients were included. The mean age was 58.1±9.5 years, and 69 patients (64.4%) were males. The anastomosis was 3.8±1.5 cm from the anal margin, and the incision length was 4.7±0.7 cm.The median operation time was 120 (94.0-150.0) minutes, and the intraoperative blood loss was 43 (30-50) ml. The mesangial integrity was observed in 98 patients (91. 6%). Intestinal rupture occurred in 2 patients (1.9%) during operation. Postoperative complications occurred in 31 patients (28.9%), with 29 patients (27.1%) graded as 1-2 levels by C-D standards. Early stoma-related complications occurred in 16 patients (15. 0%), 8 (7. 5%) with dermatitis around the stoma, 4 (3. 7%) with incision infection,3 (2.8%) with hemorrhage, and 1 with (0. 9%) ischemic necrosis. Late complications occurred in 4 patients (3. 7%), 2 (1. 9%) with stoma prolapse, 1 (0. 9%) with retraction and 1 (0. 9%) with parastostomy.

Conclusion

The modified trans-auxiliary prophylactic ileostomy is safe and effective in laparoscopic radical surgery in middle-to-low rectal cancer, with the advantages of simplicity and convenience, and low rates of early and late stoma-related complications.

图1 术前造口定位及戳卡布局 注:A.坐位时的造口定位位置;B.卧位时的造口定位位置;C.术前进行造口定位以及各操作孔的定位标记,a~e 分别表示各操作孔的选择位置;D.气腹建立后,术中各操作孔的布局;E.经辅助切口取出标本后,原位置行回肠造口;F.术后第6 天,造口护理时的整体观
表1 纳入分析患者的基线特征(107 例)
表2 手术资料及术后并发症
图2 患者入组流程图
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