胆囊切除术是治疗胆囊良性疾病最有效的方法。相比传统开腹手术方式，腹腔镜胆囊切除术(laparoscopic cholecystectomy，LC)具有创伤小、痛苦轻、住院时间短等优势。随着近十几年腹腔镜器械、设备的完善及外科医师操作水平的提高，单孔腹腔镜胆囊切除术(single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy，SILC)得到了较大发展。与传统LC相比，SILC更加符合微创的理念，在美容效果、术后疼痛等方面更具优势。为进一步推动我国SILC的规范化开展，中国研究型医院学会微创外科学专业委员会组织国内相关领域的专家，借鉴国外相关文献及指南，结合我国的研究成果与临床实践，对SILC规范化开展方面的关键内容进行反复讨论，对有争议的问题进行投票，最终形成《单孔腹腔镜胆囊切除术中国专家共识(2024版)》。本共识对SILC的技术优势、适应证、单孔设备与操作器械选择、手术要点、并发症、术者培训等方面给出推荐意见，旨在完善SILC的患者选择和操作规范，促进SILC的临床应用与推广。

Cholecystectomy is the most effective treatment for benign gallbladder diseases. Compared to traditional open surgery, laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) offers advantages such as less trauma, reduced pain, and shorter hospital stays. In recent years, with improvements in laparoscopic instruments, equipment, and the skill level of surgeons, single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SILC) has seen significant development. SILC aligns more closely with the concept of minimally invasive surgery and offers advantages in terms of cosmetic outcomes and postoperative pain compared to LC. To further promote the standardized implementation of SILC in China, the Minimally Invasive Surgery Committee of the Chinese Research Hospital Association convened experts in relevant fields. Drawing from international literature and guidelines, and combining domestic research findings and clinical practices, these experts engaged in extensive discussions on key aspects of SILC standardization and conducted voting on contentious issues. The result is the "Chinese Expert Consensus on Single-Incision Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy (2024 Edition)" . This consensus provides recommendations on the technical advantages of SILC, indications, selection of single-incision devices and instruments, surgical key points, complications, and surgeon training. The goal is to improve the patient selection and operation standard of SILC, and promote its clinical application and dissemination.