To explore the clinical manifestations, imaging characteristics, minimally invasive surgical treatment, and prognosis of aggressive fibromatosis (AF), aiming to enhance the understanding of the disease and provide a reference for its clinical diagnosis and management.

A case initially diagnosed preoperatively as abdominal wall endometriosis following cesarean section was reported. The patient underwent single-port laparoscopic resection, and postoperative pathology confirmed a diagnosis of abdominal wall AF. A literature review was conducted to support the discussion.

The mass and surrounding tissue were excised via single-port laparoscopy, and a mesh was used to repair the resulting tissue defect. Postoperative pathology revealed a spindle cell lesion, and immunohistochemical analysis confirmed the diagnosis of AF. No adjuvant therapy was administered, and no recurrence was observed during a 3-month follow-up period.

Aggressive fibromatosis is a borderline tumor with an unclear pathogenesis, characterized by high recurrence rates and strong local invasiveness. Due to its low incidence, there are currently no standardized diagnostic or treatment protocols. While open surgical resection remains the primary treatment approach, this case demonstrated that single-port laparoscopic resection can also achieve satisfactory therapeutic outcomes.