Abstract:

Since the first case of laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed by French doctor Phillipe Mouret in 1987, laparoscopic surgery has been widely recognized for its advantages, such as less trauma, quick postoperative recovery of patients and beautiful incision.As a invasive technique, the most important principle is to reduce surgical trauma, Protect organ and tissue function, and increase postoperative recovery of patients.However, it is not easy to do so. Good exposure to the surgical area is one of the necessary conditions to effectively ensure the smooth operation and effectively reduce the trauma in the surgical area. Especially in deep surgery, if the surgical area is not clearly exposed, It will not only cause operation difficulties, is not conducive to the diagnosis and discrimination of the cause and nature of the lesions, but also can accidentally injure important organs and tissues, resulting in massive bleeding or other serious harmful consequences.At present, the commonly used methods of exposure to the surgical field include CO₂ Pneumoperitoneum pressure, the application of self-made small gauze (Laparoscopic gauze), and the change of intraoperative position.In this paper, the advantages and disadvantages of the commonly used methods of surgical area exposure were reviewed by referring to relevant literatures.

Key words: Laparoscope, Operation field, Self-made small gauze (laparoscopic gauze), Intraoperative position