Para-aortic lymphadenectomy is an important component of surgical staging and regional lymph node assessment in gynecologic malignancies. The extent and quality of lymph node dissection directly affect staging accuracy and subsequent treatment decisions. Conventional laparotomy is associated with greater surgical trauma, whereas the transperitoneal multiport laparoscopic approach may be limited by bowel interference, omental obstruction, obesity, and other factors during dissection of the upper para-aortic region, resulting in suboptimal surgical exposure.The retroperitoneal approach facilitates exposure and dissection of high-level para-aortic lymph nodes. Meanwhile, transumbilical laparoendoscopic single-site surgery offers the advantages of minimal invasiveness and superior cosmetic outcomes. The combination of these two approaches has led to the development of transumbilical laparoendoscopic single-site retroperitoneal para-aortic lymphadenectomy, which reduces abdominal wall trauma while preserving the anatomical advantages of retroperitoneal access, thereby providing a novel minimally invasive option for surgical staging in gynecologic malignancies. Based on current evidence and clinical experience, this review summarizes the developmental background, technical characteristics, indications, standardized surgical procedures and key operative techniques, clinical value, and future perspectives of this procedure, with the aim of providing a reference for its standardized implementation and wider clinical application.