输尿管子宫内膜异位症(ureteral endometriosis, UE)是深部子宫内膜异位症(deep infiltrating endometriosis, DE)的常见类型之一，易致上尿路梗阻，是育龄期女性"沉默肾丢失"的重要病因。北京大学第一医院在多学科协作(multidisciplinary team, MDT)模式下对输尿管内异症进行机器人辅助腹腔镜手术，手术成功率高、复发率低，本中心的经验与特色主要体现在五方面：(1)患病率再认识：UE实际患病率可能被严重低估，影像学检出能力有限，DE患者术中分离输尿管时常可发现合并UE；(2)手术理念转变：对狭窄严重、尤其合并DE行保守性生育功能手术者，带抗反流机制的输尿管膀胱再植术较端端吻合术及输尿管松解病灶切除复发率更低，契合"一生只做一次手术"的理念；(3)协作模式创新：常规术前多学科评估与妇科、泌尿外科"双科同台"模式优于术中临时会诊；(4)远程手术和平台流程：依托"4＋1"国产远程机器人实现跨院区双科同台手术，并建立统一术后随访路径；(5)生育管理延伸：以术前生育力评估与保存、妊娠期多学科监护及产后长期管理构建全生命周期照护。

Ureteral endometriosis (UE) is one of the common types of deep infiltrating endometriosis (DE), easily causing upper urinary tract obstruction and being an important cause of "silent kidney loss" in women of reproductive age. At Peking University First Hospital, robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery for UE has been performed under the multidisciplinary team (MDT) model, with a high surgical success rate and a low recurrence rate. Our experience and characteristics mainly include five aspects: (1) re-recognition of prevalence: the actual prevalence of UE may be severely underestimated; given the limited detection ability of imaging, UE is often identified incidentally during intraoperative ureteral dissection in patients with DE; (2) shift of surgical philosophy: for patients with severe stenosis, especially those with concurrent DE undergoing conservative fertility-preserving surgery, ureteroneocystostomy with an anti-reflux mechanism has a lower recurrence rate than ureteroureterostomy or ureterolysis with lesion excision, fitting the philosophy of "one surgery in a lifetime" ; (3) innovation of collaboration model: routine preoperative multidisciplinary evaluation and the "dual-specialty same-table" surgical model of gynecology and urology are superior to intraoperative ad hoc consultation; (4) remote surgery and platform workflow: remote dual-specialty same-table surgery across hospitals based on the domestic "4+ 1" robotic platform, together with a unified postoperative follow-up pathway; (5) extension of fertility management: preoperative fertility assessment and preservation, multidisciplinary monitoring during pregnancy, and long-term postpartum management constitute full-life-cycle care.