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中华腔镜外科杂志(电子版) ›› 2026, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (03) : 187 -192. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-6899.2026.03.013

综述

机器人外科的演进与未来
冯源康, 薄智豪, 王勇()   
  1. 300211 天津医科大学第二医院泌尿外科
  • 收稿日期:2026-03-16 出版日期:2026-06-30
  • 通信作者: 王勇
  • 基金资助:
    天津市卫生健康科技项目医学重点学科专项(TJWJ2024XK007); 天津市自然科学基金资助项目(25JCZDJC00590); 天津市教委科研计划项目(2025ZD032)

The evolution and future of robotic surgery

Yuankang Feng, Zhihao Bo, Yong Wang()   

  1. Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, 300211, China
  • Received:2026-03-16 Published:2026-06-30
  • Corresponding author: Yong Wang
引用本文:

冯源康, 薄智豪, 王勇. 机器人外科的演进与未来[J/OL]. 中华腔镜外科杂志(电子版), 2026, 19(03): 187-192.

Yuankang Feng, Zhihao Bo, Yong Wang. The evolution and future of robotic surgery[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Laparoscopic Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2026, 19(03): 187-192.

机器人外科作为医学与工程技术深度融合的产物,经过30余年发展,已广泛应用于泌尿、普外、妇科及神经外科等领域,成为微创手术的重要模式。以达芬奇系统为代表的手术机器人显著提升了操作精度、三维可视化水平及手术稳定性,但在触觉反馈、人机交互及系统集成等方面仍存在不足。未来,机器人外科将向专科化、微型化、自然腔道化及智能化方向发展。人工智能的引入将推动自主导航、力反馈优化、数据驱动决策及术后监测等技术进步,促进手术由"主从式辅助"向更高程度自动化演进,在提升安全性与精准性的同时,推动个体化医疗与诊疗模式的深刻变革。

As a product of the profound integration of medicine and engineering, robotic surgery has evolved over more than three decades into a cornerstone of minimally invasive procedures, now widely applied in urology, general surgery, gynecology, and neurosurgery. Robotic platforms exemplified by the da Vinci system have markedly enhanced operative precision, three-dimensional visualization, and procedural stability; however, limitations persist in haptic feedback, human–machine interaction, and system integration. Looking ahead, robotic surgery is poised to advance toward greater subspecialization, miniaturization, natural orifice approaches, and intelligent functionality. The integration of artificial intelligence will catalyze breakthroughs in autonomous navigation, optimized force feedback, data-driven decision-making, and postoperative surveillance, enabling a transition from master–slave assistance to higher levels of automation. This evolution promises not only enhanced safety and accuracy, but also a profound transformation of personalized medicine and contemporary models of diagnosis and treatment.

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