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中华腔镜外科杂志(电子版) ›› 2026, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (01) : 9 -16. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-6899.2026.01.002

论著

免穿刺影像引导机器人前列腺根治性剜除术临床应用
蒋林岑, 韩坤, 郭轩宇, 李云帆, 邱仕麟, 唐永吉, 张金栋, 王德林()   
  1. 400016 重庆医科大学附属第一医院泌尿外科
  • 收稿日期:2026-01-06 出版日期:2026-02-28
  • 通信作者: 王德林

Clinical application of biopsy-free image-guided robot-assisted radical prostate enucleation

Lincen Jiang, Kun Han, Xuanyu Guo, Yunfan Li, Shilin Qiu, Yongji Tang, Jindong Zhang, Delin Wang()   

  1. Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400016, China
  • Received:2026-01-06 Published:2026-02-28
  • Corresponding author: Delin Wang
引用本文:

蒋林岑, 韩坤, 郭轩宇, 李云帆, 邱仕麟, 唐永吉, 张金栋, 王德林. 免穿刺影像引导机器人前列腺根治性剜除术临床应用[J/OL]. 中华腔镜外科杂志(电子版), 2026, 19(01): 9-16.

Lincen Jiang, Kun Han, Xuanyu Guo, Yunfan Li, Shilin Qiu, Yongji Tang, Jindong Zhang, Delin Wang. Clinical application of biopsy-free image-guided robot-assisted radical prostate enucleation[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Laparoscopic Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2026, 19(01): 9-16.

目的

初步探索多参数磁共振(multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging,mpMRI)联合前列腺特异性膜抗原正电子发射计算机断层扫描(prostate-specific membrane antigen - positron emission tomography/computed tomography,PSMA PET/CT)的免穿刺诊断策略联合机器人辅助前列腺根治性剜除术在局限期前列腺癌中的可行性、安全性及短期功能结局。

方法

单中心回顾性研究,纳入重庆医科大学附属第一医院泌尿外科2024年10月至2025年4月经mpMRI与PSMA PET/CT筛选、未行穿刺活检而直接接受机器人辅助前列腺根治性剜除术的10例患者;收集和分析纳入患者的基线特征、影像学指标、围手术期资料、术后病理及功能学结局等。

结果

中位手术时间175 min,中位术中失血量为80 ml;所有患者均保留双侧神经血管束(neurovascular bundle,NVB);引流管平均留置时间为2.6 d;平均术后住院时间为3.2 d;平均诊疗总时间12.1 d;术后病理均证实为前列腺腺癌且分期为pT2;Gleason分级组别分布为GradeGroup 2(4例)、3(3例)、4(2例)、5(1例);术后4周血清总前列腺特异性抗原(total prostatic specific antigen,tPSA)显著下降,随访6月未观察到生化复发,术后病检切缘阳性率为10%,未发生Clavien-Dindo分级Ⅰ级以上术后并发症;所有患者在随访期间均存活;功能学方面,早期尿控恢复良好;随访至1个月尿控率达100%;多数患者勃起功能维持术前相近水平。

结论

在严格影像学筛选基础上,mpMRI联合PSMA PET/CT的免穿刺诊断联合机器人辅助前列腺根治性剜除术在诊断可靠性、围术期安全性及功能保护方面初步结果具有优势。但本研究为探索性、单中心回顾性单臂研究,该策略目前尚不能作为临床常规方案推广,其有效性仍需更大样本、更长随访时限的前瞻性研究予以验证。

Objective

To conduct a preliminary exploration of the feasibility, safety, and short-term functional outcomes of a biopsy-free diagnostic strategy guided by multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) combined with prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PSMA PET/CT), together with robot-assisted radical prostate enucleation (RARPE) for localized prostate cancer (PCa).

Methods

This single-center retrospective study included 10 consecutive patients evaluated between Oct. 2024 and Apr. 2025 at the Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, who underwent screening by mpMRI and PSMA PET/CT and proceeded directly to RARPE without prior biopsy. Baseline characteristics, imaging findings, perioperative data, postoperative pathology, and functional outcomes were collected and analyzed.

Results

Median operative time was 175 minutes, and median intraoperative blood loss was 80 mL. Bilateral neurovascular bundle (NVB) preservation was achieved in all patients. Mean duration of drainage tube placement was 2.6 days, mean postoperative hospital stay was 3.2 days, and mean total diagnostic-to-treatment time was 12.1 days. Postoperative pathology confirmed prostate adenocarcinoma in all cases, with pathologic stage pT2. Gleason Grade Group distribution was: Grade Group 2 (n=4), 3 (n=3), 4 (n=2), and 5 (n=1). Serum total PSA (tPSA) decreased markedly 4 weeks after surgery, with no biochemical recurrence observed during the 6-month follow-up. The positive surgical margin rate was 10%. No postoperative complications exceeding Clavien-Dindo grade I occurred, and all patients survived during the follow-up period. Functional outcomes were favorable: early urinary continence recovery was excellent, with a 100% continence rate achieved at the 1-month follow-up. Most patients maintained preoperative erectile function levels.

Conclusions

Under stringent imaging criteria, the biopsy-free diagnostic pathway combining mpMRI and PSMA PET/CT with robot-assisted radical prostate enucleation demonstrates encouraging preliminary results in diagnostic reliability, perioperative safety, and functional preservation. However, as this is an exploratory, single-center, retrospective single-arm study with a small sample size, this strategy cannot yet be recommended for routine clinical practice. Its efficacy requires further validation through prospective studies with larger cohorts and longer follow-up.

图1 RARPE关键步骤注:A.暴露前列腺前壁及膀胱颈;B.环形切开离断膀胱颈;C.切开VPM(膀胱前列腺肌肉);D.游离精囊腺;E.探查狄氏筋膜间隙,沿前列腺包膜进行分离;F.分离筋膜三角;G.分离前列腺侧韧带;H.剜除式游离前列腺两侧与背外侧,保留"面纱";I.最大程度保留并离断尿道,完整切除前列腺
表1 患者基线资料及术前资料
表2 患者围手术期及预后资料
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