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中华腔镜外科杂志(电子版) ›› 2024, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (02) : 76 -82. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-6899.2024.02.003

论著

新生儿及小婴儿先天性胆管扩张症临床特征分析及微创治疗
路长贵1, 唐维兵1,()   
  1. 1. 210008 江苏,南京医科大学附属儿童医院新生儿外科
  • 收稿日期:2024-01-26 出版日期:2024-04-30
  • 通信作者: 唐维兵

Clinical characteristics and minimally invasive treatment in newborns and young infants with congenital cystic dilatation

Changgui Lu1, Weibing Tang1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Neonatal Surgery, Children′s Hospital Of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu 210008, China
  • Received:2024-01-26 Published:2024-04-30
  • Corresponding author: Weibing Tang
引用本文:

路长贵, 唐维兵. 新生儿及小婴儿先天性胆管扩张症临床特征分析及微创治疗[J]. 中华腔镜外科杂志(电子版), 2024, 17(02): 76-82.

Changgui Lu, Weibing Tang. Clinical characteristics and minimally invasive treatment in newborns and young infants with congenital cystic dilatation[J]. Chinese Journal of Laparoscopic Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2024, 17(02): 76-82.

目的

探讨新生儿及小婴儿胆管扩张症(congenital biliary dilatation, CBD)临床特征及腹腔镜治疗的安全性、有效性。

方法

90例CBD患儿首先按手术年龄分为<1月龄组(20例),1~2月龄组(29例),2~3月龄组(18例)和>3月龄组(23例),收集术前临床信息,比较各年龄组临床特征。将90例患儿分为腹腔镜组(n=47)和开腹组(n=43),比较两组术后恢复指标和并发症发生情况,探讨腹腔镜技术应用于新生儿及小婴儿CBD的安全性和有效性。

结果

74.4%(67/90例)的CBD产前被发现,术前谷氨酸丙酮酸转移酶(alanine aminotransgerase, ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(aspartate aminotransferase, AST)及天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶血小板比值(aspartate aminotransferase platelet ratios,APRI)在各年龄组之间差异有统计学意义(z=66.338, P<0.001; z=50.214, P<0.001; z=33.680, P<0.001; z=13.708,P=0.003),两两比较后发现<1月龄组和1~2月龄组术前ALT和AST均明显低于2~3月龄和>3月龄组(Bonferroni矫正P值均<0.05);1~2月龄组术前APRI值明显低于2~3月龄及>3月龄组(Bonferroni矫正P值均<0.05);腹腔镜组术后初次经口喂养时间、完全经口喂养时间和术后住院时间均明显短于开腹组(z=-3.743, P<0.001; z=-2.186, P=0.029; z=-2.186, P=0.029),腹腔镜组和开腹组之间术后肝功能改善率、吻合口瘘及狭窄发生率差异均无统计学意义( P>0.05)。

结论

新生儿及小婴儿CBD多在产前发现,患儿肝功能和肝纤维化指标ALT 、AST和APRI可能在2月龄后明显恶化;对新生儿及小婴儿CBD实施腹腔镜手术安全有效,可使初次经口喂养和完全经口喂养时间提前,缩短术后住院时间,不增加并发症发生率。

Objective

To explore the clinical characteristics, safety and efficacy of laparoscopic surgery for newborns and young infants with congenital cystic dilatation.

Methods

Ninety patients were enrolled in this study and divided into 4 subgroups according to age at surgery (20 patients in the <1 month group, 29 in the 1-2 months group, 18 in the 2-3 months group and 23 in the >3 months group). Preoperative information was collected and compared among subage groups to explore the clinical characteristics. Additionally, 90 patients were divided into a laparoscopic group (n=47) and an open group (n=43) to compare the postoperative recovery indices and the occurrence of complications to determine the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic application to CBD in neonates and young infants.

Results

A total of 74.4% (67/90) of CBDs were diagnosed prenatally. There were significant differences in preoperative ALT levels, preoperative AST levels and preoperative aspartate aminotransferase platelet ratios index (APRI) among the subage groups (z=66.338, P<0.001; z=50.214, P<0.001; z=33.680, P<0.001; z=13.708, P=0.003); however, these values of ALT and AST were significantly lower in the <1 month and 1-2 months groups than in the 2-3 months or >3 months group (Bonferroni corrected P values <0.05). The value of APRI in the 1-2 months group was lower than that in the 2-3 months or >3 months group (Bonferroni corrected P values <0.05).The initial oral feeding time, complete oral feeding time and postoperative hospitalization duration in the laparoscopic group were significantly shorter than those in the open group (z=-3.743, P<0.001; z=-2.186, P=0.029; z=-2.186, P=0.029). There were no significant differences in the rates of postoperative liver function improvement, anastomotic leakage or stenosis between the laparoscopic and open surgery groups (all P> 0.05).

Conclusion

CBD in newborns and young infants may usually be detected prenatally, and liver function and liver fibrosis may deteriorate after 2 months of age. In addition, laparoscopic surgery for CBD in newborns and young infants is safe and effective and can shorten the initial oral feeding time, complete the oral feeding time and prolong the postoperative hospital stay without increasing complications such as postoperative anastomotic leakage or stenosis.

图1 研究流程图
图2 各手术年龄组术前ALT两两比较结果,+*#×均表示Bonferroni矫正P值<0.05
图3 各手术年龄组术前AST两两比较结果,+*#×均表示Bonferroni矫正P值<0.05
图4 各手术年龄组术前APRI值两两比较结果,+*#×均表示Bonferroni矫正P值<0.05
表1 小婴儿胆总管囊肿各年龄组临床特征比较结果
表2 术前及术后1周肝功能指标比较
表3 腹腔镜组和开腹组临床基线特征比较结果
表4 腹腔镜组和开腹组术后恢复指标比较结果
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